Tamatha Barbeau, Ph.D.

Professor of Biology

Francis Marion University

Practice Bird Topography

This page is just for help in learning the different body parts and feathers of birds.
Use your cursor to scroll over each image to learn what each part is called.

Here is a list of common topographical terms for parts of the bird body and wings:
Head Body Wings Feathers
Crest Nape Primaries  
Crown Back Secondaries  
Forehead Rump Tertiaries  
Supercilium Breast Greater primary coverts  
Lores Belly Greater secondary coverts  
Auriculars Side Median coverts  
Orbital eye ring Flank Marginal coverts  
Eyeline Upper tail coverts Alula  
Upper mandible & Lower Mandible Undertail coverts Scapulars  
Malar Tail    
Chin      
Throat      


Topology of the head.
superciliumUpper mandibleLower mandibleChinThroatLoresMalarAuricularsEye lineOrbital ring feathers around eye)SuperciliumCrown stripeMedian crown stripeForeheadNapeChinLoreseye lineSupercilum (has supercilary stripe)Median crown stripeCrownThroatMalarChestBellyRumpNapeUpper tail covertsTailPrimaries covertsforeheadbackauriculars

Topology of the body. Click HERE for the corresponding YouTube video describing bird topography for the image below.
Median crown (stripe)crown (this bird has a crown stripe)supercilum (this bird has a supercilium stripe)loreseyelineauricularsnapechinthroatmalar (this bird has 2 malar strips)foreheadupper mandiblelower mandibleside of neckbellybreastthighsthighstailundertail covertsupper tail covertsrumpbackprimaries (flight feathers)coverts (this image doesn't delineate greater, lesser coverts)orbital eye ringscapularsflankside


primaries (attached to carpo-metacarpal bones)secondaries (attached to ulna)tertialshumerus (bone)ulna (bone)radius (bone)greater primary covertsgreater secondary covertsmiddle covertsalula (attached to digit 1)marginal covertscarpometacarpusLesser coverts

Additional images: